Background:Arterial stiffness, a key predictor of cardiovascular events, is commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The factors contributing to increased arterial stiffness in CKD remain inadequately understood. This study aimed to identify clinical factors associated with arterial stiffness in CKD patients.Methodology:A single-center, cross-sectional study conducted from April 2023 to April 2024, enrolling 70 adult patients with CKD, excluding those on dialysis. Clinical data, including sociodemographic factors, medical history, medication use, and laboratory results, were collected. Arterial stiffness is assessed using the Endo-PAT 2000 device, measuring the augmentation index (AIx) at 75 beats per minute (AIx@75). Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with arterial stiffness.Results:The mean age of the participants was 58.4 ± 12.7 years, with 42 (60%) male and 28 (40%) female patients. AIx@75 was significantly higher in females (31.2 ± 7.2%) compared to males (24.3 ± 6.5%) (p = 0.015). Older age, smoking, higher mean arterial pressure (MAP), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), ACEI/ARB use, glucocorticoid use, and diabetic nephropathy were all associated with increased arterial stiffness. Multivariate regression analysis identified female sex, age, smoking, MAP, eGFR, ACEI/ARB use, glucocorticoid use, and diabetic nephropathy as independent predictors of arterial stiffness.Conclusion:In CKD patients, female sex, age, smoking, MAP, eGFR, cause of disease, ACEI/ARB use, and glucocorticoid use were significantly associated with increased arterial stiffness. These factors to be considered in clinical practice for identifying patients at higher cardiovascular risk and guiding interventions aimed at reducing arterial stiffness.