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Volume 13 Issue 12 (December) 2024

Original Articles

Lumps and Bumps during Pregnancy - An Analysis of Benign and Malignant Masses
Dr. M.C. Tejaswini, Dr. Hemalatha C.R.

Background: Tumors during pregnancy are rare but an increasingly recognized phenomenon, affecting approximately 1 in 1,000 pregnancies. The most prevalent malignancies during pregnancy are those of the breast, cervix, ovary, thyroid, melanoma, and haematologic origin; lung and gastric cancers are less common but have a poorer prognosis. The type of cancer, its stage, and the patient's preferences all influence the suggested course of treatment. The mainstays are systemic therapy and/or surgery. If surgery offers the best care, it is safe to have during pregnancy and shouldn't be postponed. Methods: This was a retrospective, case-record-based study conducted on 20 pregnant women diagnosed with tumors attending the department of OBG, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, during 2017-2022. SPSS v21 was used to analyse the data. Student’s t-test and ANOVA were utilized for analysis. For categorical data, a chi-square test was used. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There were various malignancies encountered; the most common was serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. We observed that only one ovarian carcinoma was diagnosed in stage IV with pulmonary metastases, while one patient with carcinoma rectum was diagnosed with liver metastasis. The patient with carcinoma rectum was counseled and advised medical termination of pregnancy. A combination of treatment modalities was initiated during pregnancy and postpartum. Conclusion: This was a retrospective, case-record based study on women diagnosed with malignancy after conception during the present pregnancy. We observed that genitourinary malignancies were most common in frequency, followed by breast carcinoma. These are tumours mostly influenced by hormone levels. A multidisciplinary approach to management is vital to ensure the safe and effective treatment plans to balance between maternal and fetal health.

 
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