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Volume 13 Issue 12 (December) 2024

Original Articles

Effect of pre-operative carbohydrate loading on hemodynamics in patients undergoing upper abdominal cancer surgeries: An exploratory randomised control trail
Dr. Priyanka Boruah, Dr.Arun Deka, Dr. Rousanara Begum, Dr.Jili Basing, Dr. Nicky Shah, Dr.E.Madhurima

Background: Prolonged preoperative fasting, while essential for preventing aspiration during general anesthesia, can induce metabolic stress, hemodynamic instability, and postoperative complications. Carbohydrate-rich preoperative drinks have been proposed to mitigate these adverse effects, yet evidence regarding their impact on perioperative hemodynamics and postoperative outcomes remains limited. This study evaluates the effects of preoperative carbohydrate loading on hemodynamic parameters and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing elective upper abdominal surgeries. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study was conducted on 60 patients aged 18–60 years (ASA grade I and II) scheduled for elective upper abdominal surgeries under general anesthesia at the State Cancer Institute, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati. Participants were randomized into two groups: Group-E (received preoperative carbohydrate-rich fluids) and Group-S (traditional fasting). Hemodynamic parameters (MAP, SBP, DBP, HR, PI) and clinical outcomes (PONV, pain scores, recovery scores) were monitored intraoperatively and postoperatively. Gastric volumes were assessed preoperatively, and data were analyzed using SPSS v21.0, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Group-E demonstrated significantly fewer hypotensive episodes (MAP: 92 ± 20.5 vs. 128 ± 28.5, p=0.005; DBP: 132 ± 29.3 vs. 161 ± 35.7, p=0.0405) and required a lower mean intraoperative mephentermine dose (0.8 ± 0.65 mg vs. 2.23 ± 0.75 mg, p<0.001) compared to Group-S. Postoperative outcomes favored Group-E, with fewer PONV episodes (13.3% vs. 36.7%, p=0.037) and reduced pain scores (NRS: 2.67 ± 0.80 vs. 3.23 ± 0.86, p=0.012). Gastric volumes, anesthesia times, and drug dosages were comparable between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Preoperative carbohydrate loading enhances hemodynamic stability, reduces vasopressor requirements, and improves postoperative recovery in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgeries. This evidence supports integrating carbohydrate-rich fluids into perioperative protocols to optimize surgical outcomes and patient well-being.

 
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