Background: Materiovigilance is a critical aspect of patient safety, focusing on the detection, assessment, and prevention of adverse events associated with medical devices. Despite its significance, there is limited research on the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of healthcare professionals regarding Materiovigilance in Indian settings. This study aims to assess the KAP among healthcare professionals in a teaching hospital in Maharashtra. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among 200 healthcare professionals, including doctors and nurses, at a teaching hospital in Maharashtra. The questionnaire assessed demographic details, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to Materiovigilance. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with Chi-square tests employed to evaluate the significance of associations between responses. Results: The study revealed that 63% of participants correctly identified the ongoing program in India for monitoring adverse events due to medical devices, while 83% correctly identified the regulatory body responsible for adverse event monitoring. However, only 52% were aware of the national center for adverse drug reaction monitoring. Attitudinal responses showed strong agreement on the importance of Materiovigilance, with 96% acknowledging that medical devices could cause adverse events. Despite this, practical engagement was limited, with only 26% reporting adverse events and 22% having attended workshops or CMEs on device safety. Statistical analyses demonstrated significant associations (p < 0.05) between knowledge, attitudes, and certain practices. Conclusion: The study highlights significant gaps between theoretical knowledge and practical application of Materiovigilance among healthcare professionals. While attitudes towards Materiovigilance are positive, there is a need for targeted training programs and institutional support to enhance reporting practices and overall engagement with Materiovigilance protocols. Strengthening Materiovigilance systems can contribute to improved patient safety and medical device efficacy.