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Volume 13 Issue 11 (November) 2024

Original Articles

To determine the risk factors, therapeutic options, and preventative measures associated with ectopic pregnancy
Dr. Bharti Maheshwari, Dr. Alka Singh

Background: An ectopic pregnancy develops when a fertilized egg implants in a location other than the uterus. The predominant site of occurrence is inside the fallopian tube, and the disorder may pose a significant hazard to life as a result of the potential for tubal rupture and bleeding. In order to decrease death rates and provide fertility-preserving treatment, it is imperative to identify more patients at an early stage. Aim: To determine the risk factors, therapeutic options, and preventative measures associated with ectopic pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Muzaffarnagar Medical College , Muzaffarnagar. Upon admission, a comprehensive medical history of the patients was documented using a specialized form. These included details like age, menstrual and obstetrical histories, past pelvic surgeries, pelvic infections, contraceptive practices, and other known risk factors, as well as socioeconomic status as determined by the modified Kuppuswamy scale. Results: The current investigation identified 100 instances of ectopic pregnancy among a total of 7685 births in the same year with incidence rate of 13.01 per 1,000 deliveries. Among these 100 instances, 53% were diagnosed as right-sided ectopic pregnancies. LSCS was the predominant risk factor, accounting for 26% of cases. Prior medical records indicated a prevalence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in nineteen percent of women, but in eleven percent of instances, no identifiable risk factors were present. Out of the 10 women assessed, 10 were deemed acceptable for medical and expectant care. Out of the 100 women, a surgical technique was used to handle 90 of them. Among these, only 4 women were eligible for conservative surgeries such as salpingostomy, milking, and ovarian wedge resection. The most usually performed radical procedure was salpingectomy, which was done in 86% of the cases. Additionally, several preoperative observations were recorded, revealing that 75% of the patient’s undergoing surgery had ruptured ectopic pregnancies. Conclusion: The research mostly included instances that were brought in a ruptured state, making it hard to pursue conservative care. This limitation is particularly significant in the context of contemporary diagnostics. The worldwide rise in cesarean section (CS) rates is a risk factor for an increase in ectopic pregnancies, which is a cause for worry.

 
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