Background: Fluoride contamination in drinking water is a global public health concern, with its effects being particularly severe in fluoride-endemic regions such as Rajasthan, India. Prolonged exposure to high fluoride levels leads to oxidative stress, which contributes to cellular damage, particularly in the human crystalline lens. This study investigates the oxidative damage caused by fluoride toxicity and evaluates the impact of surgical intervention and biochemical markers in mitigating its effects. Materials & Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted on individuals from fluoride-endemic areas, focusing on oxidative stress markers in the crystalline lens. Comprehensive ophthalmic assessments, including slit lamp examination and fundoscopy, were performed to evaluate cataract formation. Blood and urine samples were analyzed for fluoride levels and oxidative stress markers, including lipid peroxidation (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Biochemical analyses were performed preoperatively and postoperatively to assess oxidative stress variations. Results: A significant reduction in lipid peroxidation (LPO) was observed postoperatively, with levels decreasing from 12.7658 ± 1.52084 to 7.5414 ± 1.50898 (p = 0.00), indicating reduced oxidative damage. Conversely, blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels showed a substantial postoperative increase, from 74.4330 ± 14.51036 to 149.1251 ± 27.28967 (p = 0.00), suggesting an improved antioxidant defense. These findings highlight the correlation between high fluoride intake and oxidative stress while demonstrating the effectiveness of surgical intervention in mitigating oxidative damage. Conclusion: This study establishes a direct association between fluoride toxicity and oxidative damage in the human crystalline lens, contributing to cataractogenesis. The findings emphasize the need for early detection, fluoride exposure mitigation, and surgical intervention to reduce oxidative stress and improve visual outcomes. Public health measures, including safe drinking water initiatives and antioxidant supplementation, are essential in fluoride-endemic regions.