Background: Lymphadenopathy constitutes a prevalent clinical issue, and biopsies conducted to ascertain the etiology of lymph node enlargement may reveal either neoplastic or non-neoplastic conditions. The former predominantly comprise lymphohematogenous malignancies and metastatic diseases, whereas the etiologies of non-neoplastic lymphadenopathy are diverse. The objective of this research was to ascertain the histopathological spectrum of Lymphadenectomies. Materials and Methods: This study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design, reviewing 1000 cases of histologically diagnosed peripheral lymph node biopsies conducted within the Department of Pathology at the Rama Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur, U.P., during the period spanning from January 2022 to December 2024. Specimens obtained from surgical resection that included lymph node dissection were excluded from the study. Results: Neoplastic lesions were predominantly observed, accounting for 51.5% (515 instances) of the cases. Within this category, non-Hodgkin lymphoma constituted 31.1% (311 instances), Hodgkin lymphoma represented 10.8% (108 instances), and metastatic lesions comprised 9.6% (96 instances). The non-neoplastic lesions accounted for 48.5% of cases, comprising a total of 485 instances. Specifically, non-specific reactive lymphoid hyperplasia constituted 22.1% (221 cases), while other reactive or specific lymphoid hyperplasia represented 7.2% (72 cases). Furthermore, tuberculous lymphadenitis was observed in 18.4% (184 cases) of instances, and other granulomatous lesions were identified in 0.8% (8 cases). Conclusions: Lymph node biopsy is integral in determining the etiology of lymphadenopathy. Within the cohort of biopsied nodes, lymphomas constituted the most prevalent condition. This was followed, in descending order of frequency, by non-specific reactive hyperplasia, tuberculous lymphadenitis, and metastasis.