Background: Sex determination is crucial in forensic and anthropological investigations, especially in cases involving skeletal remains. The mental foramen (MF) is a stable anatomical landmark that can aid in sex differentiation through radiographic evaluation. This study aimed to assess the morphometric characteristics of the MF for sex determination using panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: This institutional-based study was conducted at IMS and SUM Hospital, Phulnakhra, Cuttack, from June 2024 to December 2024. A total of 100 participants (50 males, 50 females) were included using a convenient sampling method. The horizontal and vertical distances of the MF were measured along with its shape and symmetry using digital panoramic radiographs. Data were analyzed statistically using the t-test and Chi-square test. Results: Males had a significantly greater horizontal (24.6 ± 2.1 mm) and vertical (14.2 ± 1.6 mm) distance compared to females (p < 0.05). The round MF was more common in males (48%), while the oval shape predominated in females (52%). The overall accuracy of sex determination was 81%. Conclusion: MF morphometry is a valuable tool for sex determination in forensic investigations, though it is recommended to be used alongside other skeletal markers for greater accuracy.