Abstract Issue

Volume 14 Issue 3 (March) 2025

Original Articles

Preventing fat embolism syndrome with prophylactic corticosteroids in isolated lower limb long bone fractures
Sangameshkumar, Balaji Rajendran, Rakshit M,Rajesh B Naik, Ashok Bangarshettar

Background: Fat Embolism Syndrome is a severe complication, commonly seen in long bone fractures, particularly including that of the femur and the tibia. The study presents the efficacy of Methyl Prednisolone in terms of minimizing incident severity in patients experiencing closed femoral or tibial fractures and those experiencing closed femur tibial fractures.Methods:50 patients with closed tibia or femur fractures were randomly assigned to one of two groups in this study: Group A (Placebo, including 25 patients) or Group B (Methyl Prednisolone, including 25 patients). Age, sex, BMI, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension, and fracture type were among the baseline demographics that were noted. Clinical parameters for development related to FES were assessed such as axillary or subconjunctival petechiae, tachycardia, hypoxemia, pyrexia, pulmonary edema, retinal petechiae, urinary fat globules, high ESR, and CNS symptoms.Results: The incidence of FES was significantly lower in Group B than in Group A (12% vs. 60%, p < 0.005) in patients treated with Methyl Prednisolone; Group B also showed a significantly lower occurrence of hypoxemia (16% vs. 52%), pulmonary edema (8% vs. 44%), and CNS symptoms (16% vs. 48%) that are considered key symptoms of FES.Conclusion: Methyl Prednisolone significantly reduces the incidence of Fat Embolism Syndrome and its severity in patients with closed femur or tibia fractures. The authors recommend that further studies with larger populations be conducted to confirm these findings.

 
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