Original Articles
Morphometric Analysis of the Proximal Femur and Its Role in Prosthesis Design: A Cross-Sectional Study | |
Dr. Sujit Kumar, Dr. Shambhunath Bairoliya | |
Background: The present study aims to analyze the morphometric parameters of the proximal femur and explore their applications in prosthesis designing. Understanding these anatomical variations is essential for optimizing implant fit and stability in total hip arthroplasty and other orthopedic procedures. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 dry adult human femora, including both right and left sides, obtained from the osteology laboratory of a medical institution. Specimens with visible deformities, fractures, or pathological changes were excluded. Various morphometric parameters, including femoral head diameter, neck-shaft angle, femoral neck length, femoral neck width, and intertrochanteric distance, were measured using a Vernier caliper, osteometric board, and goniometer. Measurements were taken three times by two independent observers to ensure accuracy. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed, with differences between right and left femora assessed using an independent t-test (p < 0.05). Results: The mean femoral head diameter was 45.2 ± 3.5 mm on the right and 44.8 ± 3.3 mm on the left, with an overall mean of 45.0 ± 3.4 mm. The femoral neck length was 30.6 ± 2.8 mm on the right and 30.2 ± 2.9 mm on the left, with a total mean of 30.4 ± 2.8 mm. The neck-shaft angle measured 127.4 ± 4.2° on the right and 126.8 ± 4.5° on the left, with an overall mean of 127.1 ± 4.3°. The femoral neck width was 32.5 ± 3.1 mm on the right and 31.9 ± 2.9 mm on the left, with a total mean of 32.2 ± 3.0 mm. The intertrochanteric distance was 70.8 ± 5.6 mm on the right and 71.2 ± 5.2 mm on the left, with an overall mean of 71.0 ± 5.4 mm. These findings indicate significant individual and population-specific variations. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of morphometric analysis in prosthesis design. Significant variations in femoral head diameter, neck length, neck-shaft angle, femoral neck width, and intertrochanteric distance suggest the necessity of anatomically tailored implants for better fit, stability, and function. These findings contribute to the development of region-specific prosthetic designs, ultimately improving surgical outcomes and patient mobility. |
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