Background:Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, characterized by variable airflow limitation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Eosinophilic inflammation and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated responses play a crucial role in asthma pathophysiology. Traditional methods for assessing asthma severity often fail to correlate with underlying airway inflammation. Thus, this study investigates the association of induced sputum eosinophils, absolute eosinophil count (AEC), and serum IgE levels with clinical severity in asthma patients.Objectives: This study aims to (1) quantify and compare the levels of sputum eosinophils, AEC, and serum IgE across mild, moderate, and severe asthma patients, (2) evaluate the correlation of these biomarkers with lung function parameters and exacerbation history, and (3) determine the predictive value of these biomarkers in assessing asthma severity.Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted on 100 adult asthma patients classified into mild (n=35), moderate (n=35), and severe (n=30) groups based on GINA 2023 guidelines. Induced sputum eosinophils were analyzed using cytospin preparations, AEC was measured via automated hematologyanalyzers, and serum IgE was quantified using ELISA. Pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry, and asthma control was evaluated using the Asthma Control Test (ACT). Correlations between biomarkers and lung function parameters were analyzed using Pearson correlation, and multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of severe asthma.Results:Asignificantincrease in sputum eosinophils, AEC, and serum IgE levels was observed with increasing asthma severity (p < 0.001). Severe asthma patients had the highest levels of sputum eosinophils (6.8 ± 2.1%), AEC (540 ± 85 cells/μL), and serum IgE (180 ± 50 IU/mL) compared to mild and moderate cases. All three biomarkers correlated inversely with lung function parameters, with sputum eosinophils showing the strongest negative correlation with FEV1 (r = -0.65, p < 0.001). Patients with frequent exacerbations had significantly elevated biomarker levels. Multivariate regression analysis identified sputum eosinophils (OR = 2.5, p < 0.001) as the strongest predictor of severe asthma, followed by AEC (OR = 2.1, p < 0.001) and serum IgE (OR = 1.8, p = 0.002).Conclusion:The study demonstrates a strong association between eosinophilic and IgE-mediated inflammation with asthma severity. Sputum eosinophils, AEC, and serum IgE levels serve as valuable biomarkers for assessing asthma severity, predicting exacerbation risk, and guiding personalized treatment strategies. Among these, sputum eosinophils emerged as the most reliable predictor of severe asthma. These findings support the integration of biomarker-based phenotyping in asthma management to optimize therapeutic interventions.