Abstract Issue

Volume 14 Issue 1 (January) 2025

Original Articles

Comparison between Functional Outcomes of Quadriceps Tendon versus Hamstring Tendon Autograft for Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Dr. Namit Solanki, Dr. Siddharth Tayal, Dr. Shashank Tayal, Dr. Mohammad Aslam

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common injuries in athletes, and, accordingly, ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is one of the most common orthopedic surgical procedures performed on athletes. Arthroscopic reconstruction of the injured ACL has become the gold standard. Open reconstruction of ACL, which was done earlier, is not practiced nowadays due to the complications associated such as increased post op pain, stiffness, and a lengthy rehabilitation phase. Aim and objective: To compare the functional outcomes of quadriceps tendon versus hamstring tendon autografts for primary ACL reconstruction.Material and Method: This a prospective study conducted in NC Medical College and Hospital, Israna, Panipat, Haryana. 60 patients were included in the study and randomised into two groups: one group was operated with a quadriceps tendon graft, and the other group used a hamstring tendon autograft. Both groups underwent surgery using suspensory fixation, and postoperative rehabilitation was similar. Functional outcomes (assessed using Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores), return to preinjury activity, and complications were evaluated. The student t- test was applied to compare pre- and postoperative functional outcomes (Lysholm and IKDC scores) at 6, 12, and 24 months, with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Out of 60 patients, 40 (66.7%) were male and 20 (33.3%) were female. The follow-up period ranged from a minimum of 24 months to a maximum of 26 months. The mean Lysholm score in the hamstring group increased from 46 preoperatively to 93 at six months postoperatively, while in the quadriceps group, it increased from 45 preoperatively to 91 at six months postoperatively. The reliability and validity of the IKDC score for the hamstring group also increased from 47 preoperatively to 88 at six months, and for the quadriceps group, it increased from 45 preoperatively to 87 at six months. A total 55 of the cases (91.7%) returned to their preinjury activity, while 5 patients (8.3%) (3 from the hamstring group and 2 from the quadriceps group) experienced knee stiffness, which restricted their ability to squat and sit cross-legged. There were no significant differences in Lysholm and IKDC scores between the hamstring and quadriceps tendon autografts at 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Conclusion: Patients undergoing single bundle ACL reconstruction have comparablefunctional outcomes with either hamstring or quadriceps grafts at the end of the 2-year follow-up period, with no specific graft site complications. The soft tissue quadriceps tendon autograft can be considered as an equally viable option for graft selection.

 
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