Purpose: To investigate the association between digital screen usage habits and the prevalence of Dry Eye Disease (DED) among medical students, focusing on screen time, brightness settings, and viewing distance as potential risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 800 medical students stratified by academic year and gender. Participants completed a detailed questionnaire assessing screen characteristics and usage patterns, followed by clinical evaluations for DED, including Tear Breakup Time (TBUT), Schirmer's Test, Tear Meniscus Height (TMH), and Ocular Surface Staining. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine associations between screen habits and DED incidence, adjusting for confounders. Results: The prevalence of DED among participants was 35%. High screen brightness settings correlated with increased DED prevalence (45%) compared to medium (25%) and low (20%) settings (p < 0.05). Each additional hour of academic screen time was associated with a 20% increase in the odds of experiencing DED (OR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.0-1.4; p < 0.05). Viewing distances less than 30 cm resulted in a 30% greater risk of DED (OR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1-1.5; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Prolonged screen time, higher brightness settings, and closer viewing distances are significant risk factors for DED among medical students. Implementing preventive strategies, such as regulating screen brightness, limiting continuous screen exposure, and maintaining appropriate viewing distances, could mitigate the risk of DED in this population.