Background: Bone marrow examination is a valuable diagnostic tool in hematology, providing essential information for the diagnosis and management of hematological and some non-hematological disorders. Bone marrow evaluation may either confirm clinically suspected disease or may provide the previously unsuspected diagnosis. Aims: This study determine the diagnostic efficacy of the bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy findings for evaluation of haematological and non-haematological disorders. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was performed on 100 patients who were referred for bone marrow examination by clinician at GMCH, Aurangabad, Simultaneous estimation of bone marrow aspiration (BMA) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) was done on all patients and obtained finding were recorded and analysed. Results: Among total studied cases, 90% were diagnosed as haematological disorders followed by 7% were non-haematological disorders and 3% were normal bone marrow. The most common indication of BME was anaemia under evaluation (42%), suspected lymphoma for staging (37%), pyrexia of unknown origin (31%) and pancytopenia (21%), The common haematological disorder encountered was anaemia (24.4%) followed by Plasma cell disorder (21.1%), Myeloproliferative neoplasms (16.6%), Lymphoproliferative disorder (11.1%), leukemia’s (9.9%) and Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (6.6%). Non-haematological disorders included granulomatous lesions (42.8%), followed by metastatic solid tumour deposits (25%), infection (12.5%) and lymphoma (12.5%). Conclusion: Bone marrow examination is a safe, and gold standard procedure foraccurate diagnosis of various haematological and non-haematological disorders. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy complement to each other and should be performed simultaneously for complete bone marrow work up and evaluation.