Abstract Issue

Volume 13 Issue 12 (December) 2024

Original Articles

Comparison between serum ionised, total and corrected calcium at different albumin concentrations
Dr. B.Shameem, Dr. D.Kalpana, Dr. Niveditha Devi Rajendran, Dr. V.G.Karpaghavalli

Introduction: Calcium is the most abundant mineral of human body with highest content around 98% lying stably in bones in the form of hydroxyapatite. There are three types of calcium found in plasma or serum: free or ionized calcium, calcium attached to proteins, and complexed or chelated calcium, which is attached to a number of anions. All three types of calcium are regularly measured in laboratories to determine the overall calcium concentrations.This is because total calcium is influenced by albumin concentrations and other bound anions, but not the levels of free ionized calcium.In light of this, the current study was designed to compare serum ionized, total, and adjusted calcium at various albumin concentrations. Methodology: This study was done as an observational study. Serum samples submitted to clinical biochemistry laboratory over a period of 3 months were included in the study. Based on albumin levels they were divided into three groups.For calculating corrected calcium following formula was used: Corrected Serum Calcium (mg/dl)= Total serum calcium (mg/dl) + 0.8 [4- serum albumin (g/dl)]. Results: The mean age range of patients was 54.65±15.4 years. In our study group among 250 samples, 141 cases had normal albumin levels, 85 cases had hypoalbuminemia and rest 24 cases had hyperalbuminemia.In our study samples, total calcium showed a positive correlation with ionized calcium (r=0.416, p value= < 0.001) and corrected calcium(r=0.685, p value <0.001). Conclusion: Measuring free ionized calcium is crucial when precise calcium status is needed. However, using the ion-selective electrode approach to assess free ionized calcium is difficult and primarily restricted to critical settings like the intensive care unit. As an alternative, albumin-adjusted serum total calcium is frequently utilized in clinical practice and has been used as a stand-in for free ionized calcium.

 
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