Abstract Issue

Volume 13 Issue 12 (December) 2024

Original Articles

Profile and outcome of traumatic brain injury patients in a tertiary care centre in north Karnataka: An observational descriptive study
Bindumadhav Yendigeri, Udaykumar C Nuchhi, Basavaraj Badadal, Dayanand G Gannur, Chandrashekhar B Bhuyyar, Udaykumar J Khasage

Background: Traumatic Brian injury (TBI) has been one among the significant Public Health problems. It remains one of the leading causes of Mortality, morbidity, disability in developed and developing nations. It was estimated that TBI would be the third main cause of death and disability by 2020 according to World Health organization1. It is a leading cause of disability and death among young adults in the world, with devastating impact on patients and their families. Objective: The objective of study is to assess the profile and outcome of patients with Traumatic brain injury attending tertiary care hospital in North Karnataka. Methods: Over a course of three months, 172cases of Traumatic Brain Injury at Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, were studied as a part of an observational study. The TBI cases with or without Loss of consciousness and/or CT scan findings of Traumatic Brain Injury were selected. The data collection has been done in different formats, which included initial assessment and care, details of hospital stay and outcome at discharge. Results: The study revealed, male preponderance(87.8%), the distribution was more in early middle adulthood (age group 26-45 years)(50.58%) for TBI than other age group. The area distribution was Rural (71%), semi urban (12%) and Urban (17%). RTA(85%) was cause of most TBI cases followed by fall from height (10%) and Assault (5%). 37.9% of the cases presented within first hour and 41%within 1-6 hours of time since injury. The presentation symptoms were LOC (94%), Vomiting (66%), Seizures (1%). 11 were brought dead cases, and rest presented as Mild TBI (55.3%), Moderate TBI (24.3%), Severe TBI (20.5%). On CT Scan, Skull fractures (63.4%), Traumatic SAH (36.6%), Epidural Hematoma (15.7%), Subdural Hematoma (30.8%), Contusions (44.2%), Diffuse axonal Injury (9.3%) were found. Out of 172 cases, 126 cases were admitted and treated conservatively (71.4%), Underwent neurosurgery (19.1%), other surgical procedures (7.9%) and observation (1.6%), during admission 5.6% of cases suffered non-neurological complications. 8.1% of cases treated at the hospital on OPD and IPD basis, succumbed to death, and 85.8% had upper good recovery on GOS-E score. Out of 24 cases that underwent neurosurgery, only 4 cases succumbed to death. Conclusion: TBI is a major health problem with RTA being the most common cause. The occurrence is highest and prognosis is better for Mild TBI, though those suffering from Moderate and severe TBI suffer disabilities of various degree and/or death.

 
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