Abstract Issue

Volume 13 Issue 4 (April) 2024

Original Articles

Retrospective study on prevalence of Bacterial isolates from patients of Blood Stream Infection admitted in a tertiary care center
Dr. Saurabh G Agarwal, Dr. Rajdeep Paul, Dr. Harsha Gupta, Dr. Kuldeep Singh

Introduction: Bloodstream Infections (BSIs) pose a significant threat to global public health, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality rates. Despite advancements in antimicrobial therapy, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains complicates treatment strategies. Understanding the prevalence and antimicrobial Sensitivity patterns of bacterial isolates causing BSIs is crucial for guiding empirical antibiotic therapy and combating antimicrobial resistance. Materials & Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients admitted to a tertiary care center with documented BSIs. Blood samples collected over an 18-month period were processed for microbial culture and antimicrobial Sensitivity testing. The study population included inpatient department cases with positive blood cultures. Bacterial isolates were identified, and Sensitivityresults were determined using standardized laboratory protocols. Results: Among 1257 blood samples analyzed, 375 tested positive for bacterial infection, indicating a significant prevalence(29.8%) of BSIs. Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (21.95%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.89%), Acinetobacter spp. (13.41%) and Staphylococcus aureus (7.11%) were the most prevalent isolates. The sensitivity results across various antibiotics reveal a range of sensitivities among different bacterial species. Notably, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter species displayed variable sensitivity results. For instance, Escherichia coli exhibited low Sensitivity to several antibiotics, with higher rates for amikacin and gentamicin. Enterobacter spp. showed moderate Sensitivity, especially to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and carbapenems. Serratia spp. exhibited moderate to high sensitivity to ciprofloxacin but lower Sensitivity to nalidixic acid. Citrobacter spp. showed varying Sensitivity, with higher sensitivity to piperacillin/tazobactam. The carbapenems, including imipenem, meropenem, and ertapenem, displayed consistent sensitivity rates across different bacterial species. Additionally, Salmonella Typhi maintained a consistent Sensitivity profile across a broad spectrum of antibiotics. However, continued monitoring of antibiotic resistance patterns remains crucial to ensure effective management and mitigate the risk of resistance development. Raoultella species displayed notable variations in sensitivity, with chloramphenicol and tigecycline showing high efficacy but lower rates observed for other antibiotics. Discussion: The findings underscore the persistent burden of BSIs and highlight the challenge of antimicrobial resistance. Gender and age disparities in infection prevalence were observed, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions. Comparison with existing literature revealed similarities in predominant pathogens and resistance profiles, emphasizing the importance of evidence-based interventions and collaborative efforts. Conclusion: This study provides valuable understandings into the antimicrobial resistance in Organisms cultured in BSIs, guiding empirical antibiotic therapy and infection control strategies. Continued surveillance and research are essential for addressing the evolving threat of antimicrobial resistance and improving patient outcomes in BSIs.

 
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